| | Thomaston, GA | Jefferson, GA | United States |
| Population | 9,665 | 12,727 | 329,725,481 |
| Female Population | 56.6% | 46.7% | 50.5% |
| Male Population | 43.4% | 53.3% | 49.5% |
| Median Age | 34.3 | 33.4 | 38.4 |
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| Population - 2010 | 9,125 | 9,541 | 309,327,143 |
| Population - 2000 | 9,411 | 3,825 | 285,036,114 |
| Population - 1990 | 9,127 | 2,763 | 251,960,433 |
| Pop. 2000 to Now | -6.8% | 226.5% | 15.6% |
| Pop. 1990 to Now | -3.9% | 352.0% | 30.8% |
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| Population Density | 1,013.9 | 567.9 | 93.4 |
| Land Area | 9.5 | 22.4 | 3,531,905.4 |
| Water Area | 0.2 | 0.3 | 264,836.8 |
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| Est. Total Population By Age | | | |
| | Thomaston, GA | Jefferson, GA | United States |
| Age 0 to 4 | 7.7% | 6.4% | 5.9% |
| Age 5 to 9 | 7.1% | 6.3% | 6.1% |
| Age 10 to 14 | 7.6% | 11.4% | 6.6% |
| Age 15 to 17 | 6.4% | 6.5% | 3.9% |
| Age 18 to 20 | 2.5% | 2.2% | 4.0% |
| Age 21 to 24 | 5.3% | 3.2% | 5.2% |
| Age 25 to 34 | 13.7% | 17.2% | 13.8% |
| Age 35 to 44 | 11.1% | 15.4% | 12.9% |
| Age 45 to 54 | 10.0% | 11.6% | 12.6% |
| Age 55 to 59 | 6.2% | 3.6% | 6.7% |
| Age 60 to 64 | 5.9% | 4.7% | 6.3% |
| Age 65 to 74 | 9.1% | 6.4% | 9.6% |
| Age 75 to 84 | 4.7% | 3.9% | 4.5% |
| Age 85 and over | 2.8% | 1.2% | 1.9% |
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| Race | | | |
| | Thomaston, GA | Jefferson, GA | United States |
| White | 51.4% | 73.6% | 59.4% |
| Black | 44.5% | 15.4% | 12.2% |
| Asian | 0.2% | 1.0% | 5.6% |
| Native American | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.6% |
| Hawaiian, Pacific Islander | 1.4% | 0.0% | 0.2% |
| Other | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.4% |
| Two or More Races | 0.6% | 1.0% | 3.2% |
| Hispanic | 1.9% | 8.9% | 18.4% |
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| Marriage & Family | | | |
| | Thomaston, GA | Jefferson, GA | United States |
| Married Population | 31.4% | 59.3% | 49.8% |
| Currently Married | 28.3% | 57.3% | 48.0% |
| Married but Separated | 3.0% | 2.0% | 1.8% |
| Single Population | 68.6% | 40.7% | 50.2% |
| Never Married | 46.2% | 27.4% | 33.8% |
| Divorced | 11.7% | 8.0% | 10.8% |
| Widowed | 10.7% | 5.3% | 5.6% |
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| Household Size | 2.60 | 3.19 | 2.60 |
| Households | 3,636 | 3,988 | 124,010,992 |
| Family Households | 2,076 | 3,146 | 80,755,759 |
| Married couple, w/children | 13.8% | 50.4% | 30.5% |
| Married couple, no children | 31.7% | 34.7% | 42.9% |
| Non Family Households | 1,560 | 842 | 43,255,233 |
| Single householder, w/children | 40.3% | 10.6% | 15.8% |
| Single householder, no children | 14.1% | 4.3% | 10.8% |