| | Melrose, OR | Cottage Grove, OR | United States |
| Population | 556 | 10,569 | 329,725,481 |
| Female Population | 40.5% | 47.5% | 50.5% |
| Male Population | 59.5% | 52.6% | 49.5% |
| Median Age | 51.2 | 38.5 | 38.4 |
| space3 | | | |
| Population - 2010 | 680 | 9,683 | 309,327,143 |
| Population - 2000 | 552 | 8,445 | 285,036,114 |
| Population - 1990 | 537 | 7,402 | 251,960,433 |
| Pop. 2000 to Now | 26.5% | 24.6% | 15.6% |
| Pop. 1990 to Now | 30.0% | 42.1% | 30.8% |
| space4 | | | |
| Population Density | 127.9 | 2,732.4 | 93.4 |
| Land Area | 4.3 | 3.9 | 3,531,905.4 |
| Water Area | 0.0 | 0.0 | 264,836.8 |
| space | | | |
| Est. Total Population By Age | | | |
| | Melrose, OR | Cottage Grove, OR | United States |
| Age 0 to 4 | 6.3% | 4.7% | 5.9% |
| Age 5 to 9 | 6.5% | 5.9% | 6.1% |
| Age 10 to 14 | 0.0% | 6.7% | 6.6% |
| Age 15 to 17 | 2.9% | 4.7% | 3.9% |
| Age 18 to 20 | 2.2% | 2.6% | 4.0% |
| Age 21 to 24 | 3.2% | 9.0% | 5.2% |
| Age 25 to 34 | 4.3% | 11.4% | 13.8% |
| Age 35 to 44 | 12.2% | 15.9% | 12.9% |
| Age 45 to 54 | 28.6% | 11.8% | 12.6% |
| Age 55 to 59 | 9.9% | 6.4% | 6.7% |
| Age 60 to 64 | 6.5% | 5.4% | 6.3% |
| Age 65 to 74 | 11.7% | 8.9% | 9.6% |
| Age 75 to 84 | 3.2% | 4.5% | 4.5% |
| Age 85 and over | 2.5% | 2.1% | 1.9% |
| space1 | | | |
| Race | | | |
| | Melrose, OR | Cottage Grove, OR | United States |
| White | 90.8% | 79.3% | 59.4% |
| Black | 0.0% | 1.1% | 12.2% |
| Asian | 1.6% | 1.2% | 5.6% |
| Native American | 0.0% | 0.6% | 0.6% |
| Hawaiian, Pacific Islander | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.2% |
| Other | 0.0% | 0.2% | 0.4% |
| Two or More Races | 6.1% | 6.0% | 3.2% |
| Hispanic | 1.4% | 11.6% | 18.4% |
| space2 | | | |
| Marriage & Family | | | |
| | Melrose, OR | Cottage Grove, OR | United States |
| Married Population | 59.8% | 44.6% | 49.8% |
| Currently Married | 59.8% | 43.3% | 48.0% |
| Married but Separated | 0.0% | 1.3% | 1.8% |
| Single Population | 40.2% | 55.4% | 50.2% |
| Never Married | 20.2% | 33.2% | 33.8% |
| Divorced | 17.1% | 14.7% | 10.8% |
| Widowed | 2.9% | 7.4% | 5.6% |
| space5 | | | |
| Household Size | 2.21 | 2.46 | 2.60 |
| Households | 252 | 4,247 | 124,010,992 |
| Family Households | 169 | 2,495 | 80,755,759 |
| Married couple, w/children | 23.1% | 31.3% | 30.5% |
| Married couple, no children | 55.6% | 38.4% | 42.9% |
| Non Family Households | 83 | 1,752 | 43,255,233 |
| Single householder, w/children | 13.0% | 24.5% | 15.8% |
| Single householder, no children | 8.3% | 5.9% | 10.8% |