| | Penn Valley, CA | Livermore, CA | United States |
| Population | 1,124 | 88,403 | 329,725,481 |
| Female Population | 50.7% | 50.2% | 50.5% |
| Male Population | 49.3% | 49.8% | 49.5% |
| Median Age | 57.7 | 40.4 | 38.4 |
| space3 | | | |
| Population - 2010 | 1,162 | 81,691 | 309,327,143 |
| Population - 2000 | 1,387 | 73,345 | 285,036,114 |
| Population - 1990 | 1,242 | 56,741 | 251,960,433 |
| Pop. 2000 to Now | 37.6% | 24.9% | 15.6% |
| Pop. 1990 to Now | 53.7% | 61.5% | 30.8% |
| space4 | | | |
| Population Density | 529.9 | 3,271.4 | 93.4 |
| Land Area | 2.1 | 27.0 | 3,531,905.4 |
| Water Area | 0.0 | 0.0 | 264,836.8 |
| space | | | |
| Est. Total Population By Age | | | |
| | Penn Valley, CA | Livermore, CA | United States |
| Age 0 to 4 | 3.5% | 6.9% | 5.9% |
| Age 5 to 9 | 6.9% | 6.1% | 6.1% |
| Age 10 to 14 | 6.9% | 6.2% | 6.6% |
| Age 15 to 17 | 2.4% | 3.4% | 3.9% |
| Age 18 to 20 | 0.0% | 3.1% | 4.0% |
| Age 21 to 24 | 0.0% | 3.1% | 5.2% |
| Age 25 to 34 | 11.5% | 13.4% | 13.8% |
| Age 35 to 44 | 12.0% | 13.9% | 12.9% |
| Age 45 to 54 | 5.4% | 15.2% | 12.6% |
| Age 55 to 59 | 1.9% | 8.9% | 6.7% |
| Age 60 to 64 | 14.8% | 6.2% | 6.3% |
| Age 65 to 74 | 22.2% | 7.8% | 9.6% |
| Age 75 to 84 | 12.1% | 3.8% | 4.5% |
| Age 85 and over | 0.4% | 1.9% | 1.9% |
| space1 | | | |
| Race | | | |
| | Penn Valley, CA | Livermore, CA | United States |
| White | 81.2% | 55.0% | 59.4% |
| Black | 0.0% | 1.7% | 12.2% |
| Asian | 0.0% | 14.7% | 5.6% |
| Native American | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.6% |
| Hawaiian, Pacific Islander | 0.0% | 0.6% | 0.2% |
| Other | 0.0% | 0.2% | 0.4% |
| Two or More Races | 5.7% | 5.0% | 3.2% |
| Hispanic | 13.1% | 22.8% | 18.4% |
| space2 | | | |
| Marriage & Family | | | |
| | Penn Valley, CA | Livermore, CA | United States |
| Married Population | 62.3% | 59.0% | 49.8% |
| Currently Married | 56.0% | 57.7% | 48.0% |
| Married but Separated | 6.4% | 1.3% | 1.8% |
| Single Population | 37.7% | 41.0% | 50.2% |
| Never Married | 24.1% | 27.8% | 33.8% |
| Divorced | 7.3% | 8.7% | 10.8% |
| Widowed | 6.2% | 4.4% | 5.6% |
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| Household Size | 2.30 | 2.83 | 2.60 |
| Households | 482 | 31,094 | 124,010,992 |
| Family Households | 343 | 22,867 | 80,755,759 |
| Married couple, w/children | 4.7% | 38.6% | 30.5% |
| Married couple, no children | 64.4% | 45.2% | 42.9% |
| Non Family Households | 139 | 8,227 | 43,255,233 |
| Single householder, w/children | 19.8% | 8.8% | 15.8% |
| Single householder, no children | 11.1% | 7.5% | 10.8% |