| | Waterford, CT | Salem, CT | United States |
| Population | 19,558 | 4,186 | 329,725,481 |
| Female Population | 52.2% | 49.0% | 50.5% |
| Male Population | 47.8% | 51.0% | 49.5% |
| Median Age | 46.6 | 37.9 | 38.4 |
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| Population - 2010 | 19,498 | 4,146 | 309,327,143 |
| Population - 2000 | 19,152 | 3,858 | 285,036,114 |
| Population - 1990 | 17,930 | 3,310 | 251,960,433 |
| Pop. 2000 to Now | -1.5% | 5.8% | 15.6% |
| Pop. 1990 to Now | 5.2% | 23.4% | 30.8% |
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| Population Density | 598.1 | 144.7 | 93.4 |
| Land Area | 32.7 | 28.9 | 3,531,905.4 |
| Water Area | 11.8 | 0.8 | 264,836.8 |
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| Est. Total Population By Age | | | |
| | Waterford, CT | Salem, CT | United States |
| Age 0 to 4 | 5.0% | 4.4% | 5.9% |
| Age 5 to 9 | 4.3% | 10.8% | 6.1% |
| Age 10 to 14 | 6.1% | 5.3% | 6.6% |
| Age 15 to 17 | 3.7% | 2.1% | 3.9% |
| Age 18 to 20 | 2.9% | 0.9% | 4.0% |
| Age 21 to 24 | 3.7% | 5.5% | 5.2% |
| Age 25 to 34 | 11.9% | 13.6% | 13.8% |
| Age 35 to 44 | 11.1% | 14.2% | 12.9% |
| Age 45 to 54 | 15.1% | 14.3% | 12.6% |
| Age 55 to 59 | 8.3% | 5.9% | 6.7% |
| Age 60 to 64 | 6.6% | 6.0% | 6.3% |
| Age 65 to 74 | 10.8% | 12.2% | 9.6% |
| Age 75 to 84 | 7.0% | 4.6% | 4.5% |
| Age 85 and over | 3.4% | 0.2% | 1.9% |
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| Race | | | |
| | Waterford, CT | Salem, CT | United States |
| White | 84.1% | 87.8% | 59.4% |
| Black | 2.3% | 1.3% | 12.2% |
| Asian | 4.1% | 1.3% | 5.6% |
| Native American | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.6% |
| Hawaiian, Pacific Islander | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.2% |
| Other | 0.0% | 1.6% | 0.4% |
| Two or More Races | 3.8% | 2.1% | 3.2% |
| Hispanic | 5.5% | 5.9% | 18.4% |
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| Marriage & Family | | | |
| | Waterford, CT | Salem, CT | United States |
| Married Population | 54.2% | 67.7% | 49.8% |
| Currently Married | 53.6% | 67.6% | 48.0% |
| Married but Separated | 0.7% | 0.2% | 1.8% |
| Single Population | 45.8% | 32.3% | 50.2% |
| Never Married | 26.3% | 21.9% | 33.8% |
| Divorced | 12.7% | 8.6% | 10.8% |
| Widowed | 6.7% | 1.7% | 5.6% |
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| Household Size | 2.33 | 2.52 | 2.60 |
| Households | 8,191 | 1,652 | 124,010,992 |
| Family Households | 5,481 | 1,325 | 80,755,759 |
| Married couple, w/children | 29.9% | 31.8% | 30.5% |
| Married couple, no children | 48.1% | 54.5% | 42.9% |
| Non Family Households | 2,710 | 327 | 43,255,233 |
| Single householder, w/children | 11.8% | 8.8% | 15.8% |
| Single householder, no children | 10.2% | 4.8% | 10.8% |