| | Caldwell, ID | Los Alamos, NM | United States |
| Population | 58,872 | 13,270 | 329,725,481 |
| Female Population | 51.1% | 48.6% | 50.5% |
| Male Population | 48.9% | 51.5% | 49.5% |
| Median Age | 29.9 | 41.4 | 38.4 |
| space3 | | | |
| Population - 2010 | 46,545 | 12,030 | 309,327,143 |
| Population - 2000 | 25,967 | 11,909 | 285,036,114 |
| Population - 1990 | 18,400 | 11,455 | 251,960,433 |
| Pop. 2000 to Now | 133.7% | 10.2% | 15.6% |
| Pop. 1990 to Now | 229.8% | 14.6% | 30.8% |
| space4 | | | |
| Population Density | 2,650.5 | 1,192.8 | 93.4 |
| Land Area | 22.2 | 11.1 | 3,531,905.4 |
| Water Area | 0.1 | 0.0 | 264,836.8 |
| space | | | |
| Est. Total Population By Age | | | |
| | Caldwell, ID | Los Alamos, NM | United States |
| Age 0 to 4 | 9.2% | 3.9% | 5.9% |
| Age 5 to 9 | 9.3% | 5.2% | 6.1% |
| Age 10 to 14 | 9.9% | 7.2% | 6.6% |
| Age 15 to 17 | 4.6% | 4.2% | 3.9% |
| Age 18 to 20 | 5.0% | 2.5% | 4.0% |
| Age 21 to 24 | 4.9% | 4.4% | 5.2% |
| Age 25 to 34 | 15.0% | 14.9% | 13.8% |
| Age 35 to 44 | 13.0% | 11.7% | 12.9% |
| Age 45 to 54 | 10.3% | 13.3% | 12.6% |
| Age 55 to 59 | 5.3% | 10.0% | 6.7% |
| Age 60 to 64 | 4.1% | 5.7% | 6.3% |
| Age 65 to 74 | 5.1% | 9.6% | 9.6% |
| Age 75 to 84 | 3.3% | 4.4% | 4.5% |
| Age 85 and over | 1.0% | 3.1% | 1.9% |
| space1 | | | |
| Race | | | |
| | Caldwell, ID | Los Alamos, NM | United States |
| White | 56.7% | 67.6% | 59.4% |
| Black | 0.4% | 1.1% | 12.2% |
| Asian | 0.7% | 7.2% | 5.6% |
| Native American | 0.6% | 0.8% | 0.6% |
| Hawaiian, Pacific Islander | 0.2% | 0.0% | 0.2% |
| Other | 0.3% | 0.0% | 0.4% |
| Two or More Races | 3.7% | 4.2% | 3.2% |
| Hispanic | 37.5% | 19.1% | 18.4% |
| space2 | | | |
| Marriage & Family | | | |
| | Caldwell, ID | Los Alamos, NM | United States |
| Married Population | 51.1% | 57.1% | 49.8% |
| Currently Married | 49.4% | 56.7% | 48.0% |
| Married but Separated | 1.7% | 0.4% | 1.8% |
| Single Population | 48.9% | 42.9% | 50.2% |
| Never Married | 31.1% | 27.2% | 33.8% |
| Divorced | 12.8% | 12.4% | 10.8% |
| Widowed | 5.0% | 3.2% | 5.6% |
| space5 | | | |
| Household Size | 3.15 | 2.24 | 2.60 |
| Households | 18,283 | 5,881 | 124,010,992 |
| Family Households | 12,972 | 3,546 | 80,755,759 |
| Married couple, w/children | 45.0% | 34.0% | 30.5% |
| Married couple, no children | 26.6% | 48.7% | 42.9% |
| Non Family Households | 5,311 | 2,335 | 43,255,233 |
| Single householder, w/children | 18.5% | 10.5% | 15.8% |
| Single householder, no children | 9.9% | 6.8% | 10.8% |