| | Caneyville, KY | Madisonville, KY | United States |
| Population | 672 | 19,533 | 329,725,481 |
| Female Population | 56.3% | 50.6% | 50.5% |
| Male Population | 43.8% | 49.5% | 49.5% |
| Median Age | 36.4 | 36.6 | 38.4 |
| space3 | | | |
| Population - 2010 | 602 | 19,794 | 309,327,143 |
| Population - 2000 | 627 | 19,307 | 285,036,114 |
| Population - 1990 | 549 | 16,200 | 251,960,433 |
| Pop. 2000 to Now | -3.8% | -3.4% | 15.6% |
| Pop. 1990 to Now | 9.8% | 15.2% | 30.8% |
| space4 | | | |
| Population Density | 407.8 | 1,093.6 | 93.4 |
| Land Area | 1.6 | 17.9 | 3,531,905.4 |
| Water Area | 0.0 | 0.8 | 264,836.8 |
| space | | | |
| Est. Total Population By Age | | | |
| | Caneyville, KY | Madisonville, KY | United States |
| Age 0 to 4 | 5.5% | 6.6% | 5.9% |
| Age 5 to 9 | 8.0% | 7.5% | 6.1% |
| Age 10 to 14 | 13.5% | 6.8% | 6.6% |
| Age 15 to 17 | 2.8% | 4.3% | 3.9% |
| Age 18 to 20 | 2.2% | 2.4% | 4.0% |
| Age 21 to 24 | 6.5% | 5.8% | 5.2% |
| Age 25 to 34 | 8.3% | 13.7% | 13.8% |
| Age 35 to 44 | 19.0% | 11.2% | 12.9% |
| Age 45 to 54 | 9.7% | 12.9% | 12.6% |
| Age 55 to 59 | 7.1% | 5.1% | 6.7% |
| Age 60 to 64 | 3.4% | 5.8% | 6.3% |
| Age 65 to 74 | 6.1% | 10.7% | 9.6% |
| Age 75 to 84 | 5.5% | 5.8% | 4.5% |
| Age 85 and over | 2.1% | 1.4% | 1.9% |
| space1 | | | |
| Race | | | |
| | Caneyville, KY | Madisonville, KY | United States |
| White | 90.5% | 79.6% | 59.4% |
| Black | 0.0% | 10.6% | 12.2% |
| Asian | 0.0% | 1.5% | 5.6% |
| Native American | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.6% |
| Hawaiian, Pacific Islander | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.2% |
| Other | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.4% |
| Two or More Races | 8.2% | 4.7% | 3.2% |
| Hispanic | 1.2% | 3.5% | 18.4% |
| space2 | | | |
| Marriage & Family | | | |
| | Caneyville, KY | Madisonville, KY | United States |
| Married Population | 50.2% | 48.4% | 49.8% |
| Currently Married | 46.1% | 45.7% | 48.0% |
| Married but Separated | 4.1% | 2.7% | 1.8% |
| Single Population | 49.8% | 51.6% | 50.2% |
| Never Married | 27.8% | 26.4% | 33.8% |
| Divorced | 13.7% | 17.6% | 10.8% |
| Widowed | 8.4% | 7.6% | 5.6% |
| space5 | | | |
| Household Size | 2.78 | 2.34 | 2.60 |
| Households | 242 | 8,068 | 124,010,992 |
| Family Households | 135 | 4,942 | 80,755,759 |
| Married couple, w/children | 34.8% | 26.7% | 30.5% |
| Married couple, no children | 33.3% | 40.1% | 42.9% |
| Non Family Households | 107 | 3,126 | 43,255,233 |
| Single householder, w/children | 25.2% | 25.7% | 15.8% |
| Single householder, no children | 6.7% | 7.5% | 10.8% |