| | Jonesborough, TN | Castro Valley, CA | United States |
| Population | 5,747 | 66,324 | 329,725,481 |
| Female Population | 48.4% | 51.4% | 50.5% |
| Male Population | 51.6% | 48.6% | 49.5% |
| Median Age | 46.8 | 42.4 | 38.4 |
| space3 | | | |
| Population - 2010 | 5,069 | 60,625 | 309,327,143 |
| Population - 2000 | 4,168 | 57,292 | 285,036,114 |
| Population - 1990 | 3,091 | 48,619 | 251,960,433 |
| Pop. 2000 to Now | 38.3% | 13.0% | 15.6% |
| Pop. 1990 to Now | 86.5% | 33.1% | 30.8% |
| space4 | | | |
| Population Density | 1,116.1 | 3,997.8 | 93.4 |
| Land Area | 5.1 | 16.6 | 3,531,905.4 |
| Water Area | 0.0 | 0.2 | 264,836.8 |
| space | | | |
| Est. Total Population By Age | | | |
| | Jonesborough, TN | Castro Valley, CA | United States |
| Age 0 to 4 | 1.0% | 5.1% | 5.9% |
| Age 5 to 9 | 5.4% | 6.1% | 6.1% |
| Age 10 to 14 | 5.6% | 5.5% | 6.6% |
| Age 15 to 17 | 3.6% | 4.3% | 3.9% |
| Age 18 to 20 | 0.6% | 1.9% | 4.0% |
| Age 21 to 24 | 2.7% | 3.5% | 5.2% |
| Age 25 to 34 | 18.9% | 12.2% | 13.8% |
| Age 35 to 44 | 8.9% | 14.4% | 12.9% |
| Age 45 to 54 | 11.3% | 14.3% | 12.6% |
| Age 55 to 59 | 8.1% | 7.8% | 6.7% |
| Age 60 to 64 | 6.8% | 7.5% | 6.3% |
| Age 65 to 74 | 14.9% | 10.4% | 9.6% |
| Age 75 to 84 | 10.1% | 4.4% | 4.5% |
| Age 85 and over | 2.1% | 2.4% | 1.9% |
| space1 | | | |
| Race | | | |
| | Jonesborough, TN | Castro Valley, CA | United States |
| White | 88.2% | 36.7% | 59.4% |
| Black | 3.3% | 9.3% | 12.2% |
| Asian | 5.0% | 31.2% | 5.6% |
| Native American | 0.0% | 0.5% | 0.6% |
| Hawaiian, Pacific Islander | 0.0% | 0.2% | 0.2% |
| Other | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.4% |
| Two or More Races | 1.1% | 4.8% | 3.2% |
| Hispanic | 2.0% | 16.9% | 18.4% |
| space2 | | | |
| Marriage & Family | | | |
| | Jonesborough, TN | Castro Valley, CA | United States |
| Married Population | 52.1% | 55.8% | 49.8% |
| Currently Married | 49.9% | 54.5% | 48.0% |
| Married but Separated | 2.2% | 1.3% | 1.8% |
| Single Population | 47.9% | 44.2% | 50.2% |
| Never Married | 22.2% | 29.8% | 33.8% |
| Divorced | 17.6% | 8.4% | 10.8% |
| Widowed | 8.1% | 6.0% | 5.6% |
| space5 | | | |
| Household Size | 2.20 | 2.90 | 2.60 |
| Households | 2,285 | 22,467 | 124,010,992 |
| Family Households | 1,483 | 16,692 | 80,755,759 |
| Married couple, w/children | 24.9% | 35.0% | 30.5% |
| Married couple, no children | 55.5% | 45.3% | 42.9% |
| Non Family Households | 802 | 5,775 | 43,255,233 |
| Single householder, w/children | 9.4% | 11.2% | 15.8% |
| Single householder, no children | 10.2% | 8.5% | 10.8% |