| | Madison, WV | Madisonville, KY | United States |
| Population | 2,913 | 19,533 | 329,725,481 |
| Female Population | 44.5% | 50.6% | 50.5% |
| Male Population | 55.5% | 49.5% | 49.5% |
| Median Age | 46.8 | 36.6 | 38.4 |
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| Population - 2010 | 3,078 | 19,794 | 309,327,143 |
| Population - 2000 | 2,677 | 19,307 | 285,036,114 |
| Population - 1990 | 3,051 | 16,200 | 251,960,433 |
| Pop. 2000 to Now | -2.3% | -3.4% | 15.6% |
| Pop. 1990 to Now | -14.3% | 15.2% | 30.8% |
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| Population Density | 415.8 | 1,093.6 | 93.4 |
| Land Area | 7.0 | 17.9 | 3,531,905.4 |
| Water Area | 0.1 | 0.8 | 264,836.8 |
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| Est. Total Population By Age | | | |
| | Madison, WV | Madisonville, KY | United States |
| Age 0 to 4 | 6.4% | 6.6% | 5.9% |
| Age 5 to 9 | 4.7% | 7.5% | 6.1% |
| Age 10 to 14 | 5.8% | 6.8% | 6.6% |
| Age 15 to 17 | 1.9% | 4.3% | 3.9% |
| Age 18 to 20 | 1.6% | 2.4% | 4.0% |
| Age 21 to 24 | 2.9% | 5.8% | 5.2% |
| Age 25 to 34 | 18.2% | 13.7% | 13.8% |
| Age 35 to 44 | 5.6% | 11.2% | 12.9% |
| Age 45 to 54 | 15.8% | 12.9% | 12.6% |
| Age 55 to 59 | 3.4% | 5.1% | 6.7% |
| Age 60 to 64 | 9.0% | 5.8% | 6.3% |
| Age 65 to 74 | 18.1% | 10.7% | 9.6% |
| Age 75 to 84 | 2.8% | 5.8% | 4.5% |
| Age 85 and over | 3.7% | 1.4% | 1.9% |
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| Race | | | |
| | Madison, WV | Madisonville, KY | United States |
| White | 95.4% | 79.6% | 59.4% |
| Black | 2.8% | 10.6% | 12.2% |
| Asian | 0.0% | 1.5% | 5.6% |
| Native American | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.6% |
| Hawaiian, Pacific Islander | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.2% |
| Other | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.4% |
| Two or More Races | 1.8% | 4.7% | 3.2% |
| Hispanic | 0.0% | 3.5% | 18.4% |
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| Marriage & Family | | | |
| | Madison, WV | Madisonville, KY | United States |
| Married Population | 54.2% | 48.4% | 49.8% |
| Currently Married | 52.9% | 45.7% | 48.0% |
| Married but Separated | 1.2% | 2.7% | 1.8% |
| Single Population | 45.8% | 51.6% | 50.2% |
| Never Married | 22.8% | 26.4% | 33.8% |
| Divorced | 15.2% | 17.6% | 10.8% |
| Widowed | 7.8% | 7.6% | 5.6% |
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| Household Size | 2.77 | 2.34 | 2.60 |
| Households | 1,047 | 8,068 | 124,010,992 |
| Family Households | 717 | 4,942 | 80,755,759 |
| Married couple, w/children | 33.6% | 26.7% | 30.5% |
| Married couple, no children | 54.3% | 40.1% | 42.9% |
| Non Family Households | 330 | 3,126 | 43,255,233 |
| Single householder, w/children | 8.9% | 25.7% | 15.8% |
| Single householder, no children | 3.2% | 7.5% | 10.8% |