| | Salem, SC | Aiken, SC | United States |
| Population | 150 | 31,516 | 329,725,481 |
| Female Population | 55.3% | 53.8% | 50.5% |
| Male Population | 44.7% | 46.2% | 49.5% |
| Median Age | 40.4 | 46.6 | 38.4 |
| space3 | | | |
| Population - 2010 | 143 | 29,671 | 309,327,143 |
| Population - 2000 | 126 | 25,337 | 285,036,114 |
| Population - 1990 | 192 | 19,872 | 251,960,433 |
| Pop. 2000 to Now | 21.4% | 22.8% | 15.6% |
| Pop. 1990 to Now | -20.3% | 56.6% | 30.8% |
| space4 | | | |
| Population Density | 163.9 | 1,510.2 | 93.4 |
| Land Area | 0.9 | 20.9 | 3,531,905.4 |
| Water Area | 0.0 | 0.1 | 264,836.8 |
| space | | | |
| Est. Total Population By Age | | | |
| | Salem, SC | Aiken, SC | United States |
| Age 0 to 4 | 8.7% | 4.4% | 5.9% |
| Age 5 to 9 | 2.7% | 4.8% | 6.1% |
| Age 10 to 14 | 13.3% | 6.0% | 6.6% |
| Age 15 to 17 | 2.7% | 2.8% | 3.9% |
| Age 18 to 20 | 0.7% | 5.3% | 4.0% |
| Age 21 to 24 | 6.0% | 5.1% | 5.2% |
| Age 25 to 34 | 8.0% | 12.0% | 13.8% |
| Age 35 to 44 | 14.7% | 8.2% | 12.9% |
| Age 45 to 54 | 8.7% | 11.4% | 12.6% |
| Age 55 to 59 | 12.0% | 6.6% | 6.7% |
| Age 60 to 64 | 9.3% | 6.9% | 6.3% |
| Age 65 to 74 | 9.3% | 15.4% | 9.6% |
| Age 75 to 84 | 1.3% | 7.9% | 4.5% |
| Age 85 and over | 2.7% | 3.3% | 1.9% |
| space1 | | | |
| Race | | | |
| | Salem, SC | Aiken, SC | United States |
| White | 97.3% | 58.2% | 59.4% |
| Black | 0.0% | 34.6% | 12.2% |
| Asian | 0.0% | 2.2% | 5.6% |
| Native American | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.6% |
| Hawaiian, Pacific Islander | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.2% |
| Other | 0.0% | 0.2% | 0.4% |
| Two or More Races | 2.7% | 2.4% | 3.2% |
| Hispanic | 0.0% | 2.2% | 18.4% |
| space2 | | | |
| Marriage & Family | | | |
| | Salem, SC | Aiken, SC | United States |
| Married Population | 46.9% | 48.4% | 49.8% |
| Currently Married | 46.9% | 45.1% | 48.0% |
| Married but Separated | 0.0% | 3.3% | 1.8% |
| Single Population | 53.1% | 51.6% | 50.2% |
| Never Married | 30.1% | 31.0% | 33.8% |
| Divorced | 12.4% | 12.1% | 10.8% |
| Widowed | 10.6% | 8.5% | 5.6% |
| space5 | | | |
| Household Size | 3.13 | 2.30 | 2.60 |
| Households | 48 | 13,073 | 124,010,992 |
| Family Households | 32 | 7,877 | 80,755,759 |
| Married couple, w/children | 18.8% | 19.1% | 30.5% |
| Married couple, no children | 56.3% | 53.0% | 42.9% |
| Non Family Households | 16 | 5,196 | 43,255,233 |
| Single householder, w/children | 6.3% | 16.0% | 15.8% |
| Single householder, no children | 18.8% | 12.0% | 10.8% |