| | Madison, MS | Tuscaloosa, AL | United States |
| Population | 27,459 | 99,252 | 329,725,481 |
| Female Population | 52.2% | 52.0% | 50.5% |
| Male Population | 47.8% | 48.0% | 49.5% |
| Median Age | 40.4 | 29.5 | 38.4 |
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| Population - 2010 | 24,169 | 90,409 | 309,327,143 |
| Population - 2000 | 14,692 | 77,906 | 285,036,114 |
| Population - 1990 | 7,471 | 77,759 | 251,960,433 |
| Pop. 2000 to Now | 74.9% | 32.0% | 15.6% |
| Pop. 1990 to Now | 244.0% | 32.2% | 30.8% |
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| Population Density | 1,087.9 | 1,608.4 | 93.4 |
| Land Area | 25.2 | 61.7 | 3,531,905.4 |
| Water Area | 1.2 | 10.1 | 264,836.8 |
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| Est. Total Population By Age | | | |
| | Madison, MS | Tuscaloosa, AL | United States |
| Age 0 to 4 | 6.6% | 5.5% | 5.9% |
| Age 5 to 9 | 6.5% | 5.2% | 6.1% |
| Age 10 to 14 | 10.1% | 4.7% | 6.6% |
| Age 15 to 17 | 5.0% | 2.8% | 3.9% |
| Age 18 to 20 | 3.0% | 13.6% | 4.0% |
| Age 21 to 24 | 4.0% | 10.9% | 5.2% |
| Age 25 to 34 | 7.2% | 14.7% | 13.8% |
| Age 35 to 44 | 15.4% | 10.8% | 12.9% |
| Age 45 to 54 | 14.2% | 8.9% | 12.6% |
| Age 55 to 59 | 7.4% | 4.7% | 6.7% |
| Age 60 to 64 | 6.7% | 5.1% | 6.3% |
| Age 65 to 74 | 8.7% | 8.0% | 9.6% |
| Age 75 to 84 | 3.1% | 3.8% | 4.5% |
| Age 85 and over | 2.1% | 1.2% | 1.9% |
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| Race | | | |
| | Madison, MS | Tuscaloosa, AL | United States |
| White | 76.8% | 47.4% | 59.4% |
| Black | 14.1% | 44.0% | 12.2% |
| Asian | 6.1% | 2.6% | 5.6% |
| Native American | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.6% |
| Hawaiian, Pacific Islander | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.2% |
| Other | 0.4% | 0.1% | 0.4% |
| Two or More Races | 1.4% | 1.5% | 3.2% |
| Hispanic | 1.1% | 4.4% | 18.4% |
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| Marriage & Family | | | |
| | Madison, MS | Tuscaloosa, AL | United States |
| Married Population | 67.8% | 34.3% | 49.8% |
| Currently Married | 67.3% | 32.6% | 48.0% |
| Married but Separated | 0.5% | 1.8% | 1.8% |
| Single Population | 32.2% | 65.7% | 50.2% |
| Never Married | 21.9% | 52.3% | 33.8% |
| Divorced | 5.2% | 9.4% | 10.8% |
| Widowed | 5.0% | 4.0% | 5.6% |
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| Household Size | 2.91 | 2.45 | 2.60 |
| Households | 9,273 | 36,763 | 124,010,992 |
| Family Households | 7,406 | 19,428 | 80,755,759 |
| Married couple, w/children | 46.8% | 25.2% | 30.5% |
| Married couple, no children | 44.0% | 39.5% | 42.9% |
| Non Family Households | 1,867 | 17,335 | 43,255,233 |
| Single householder, w/children | 5.6% | 22.3% | 15.8% |
| Single householder, no children | 3.6% | 12.9% | 10.8% |