| | Clayton, NY | Amsterdam, NY | United States |
| Population | 4,855 | 18,218 | 329,725,481 |
| Female Population | 47.8% | 51.0% | 50.5% |
| Male Population | 52.3% | 49.1% | 49.5% |
| Median Age | 48.1 | 38.3 | 38.4 |
| space3 | | | |
| Population - 2010 | 5,175 | 18,613 | 309,327,143 |
| Population - 2000 | 4,817 | 18,355 | 285,036,114 |
| Population - 1990 | 4,629 | 20,714 | 251,960,433 |
| Pop. 2000 to Now | -3.5% | -3.5% | 15.6% |
| Pop. 1990 to Now | 0.4% | -14.5% | 30.8% |
| space4 | | | |
| Population Density | 58.8 | 3,102.5 | 93.4 |
| Land Area | 82.5 | 5.9 | 3,531,905.4 |
| Water Area | 21.7 | 0.4 | 264,836.8 |
| space | | | |
| Est. Total Population By Age | | | |
| | Clayton, NY | Amsterdam, NY | United States |
| Age 0 to 4 | 4.9% | 5.8% | 5.9% |
| Age 5 to 9 | 2.5% | 7.0% | 6.1% |
| Age 10 to 14 | 4.7% | 6.3% | 6.6% |
| Age 15 to 17 | 2.7% | 5.4% | 3.9% |
| Age 18 to 20 | 4.2% | 3.6% | 4.0% |
| Age 21 to 24 | 5.2% | 4.5% | 5.2% |
| Age 25 to 34 | 12.7% | 13.5% | 13.8% |
| Age 35 to 44 | 9.9% | 11.4% | 12.9% |
| Age 45 to 54 | 12.2% | 12.2% | 12.6% |
| Age 55 to 59 | 8.3% | 6.2% | 6.7% |
| Age 60 to 64 | 10.4% | 6.6% | 6.3% |
| Age 65 to 74 | 16.8% | 10.9% | 9.6% |
| Age 75 to 84 | 4.8% | 4.4% | 4.5% |
| Age 85 and over | 0.9% | 2.3% | 1.9% |
| space1 | | | |
| Race | | | |
| | Clayton, NY | Amsterdam, NY | United States |
| White | 95.6% | 60.4% | 59.4% |
| Black | 0.1% | 5.7% | 12.2% |
| Asian | 0.0% | 1.7% | 5.6% |
| Native American | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.6% |
| Hawaiian, Pacific Islander | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.2% |
| Other | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.4% |
| Two or More Races | 2.0% | 1.4% | 3.2% |
| Hispanic | 2.2% | 30.6% | 18.4% |
| space2 | | | |
| Marriage & Family | | | |
| | Clayton, NY | Amsterdam, NY | United States |
| Married Population | 57.9% | 37.5% | 49.8% |
| Currently Married | 57.5% | 35.0% | 48.0% |
| Married but Separated | 0.4% | 2.5% | 1.8% |
| Single Population | 42.1% | 62.5% | 50.2% |
| Never Married | 27.2% | 42.0% | 33.8% |
| Divorced | 8.9% | 13.7% | 10.8% |
| Widowed | 6.0% | 6.9% | 5.6% |
| space5 | | | |
| Household Size | 2.29 | 2.43 | 2.60 |
| Households | 2,110 | 7,383 | 124,010,992 |
| Family Households | 1,367 | 4,290 | 80,755,759 |
| Married couple, w/children | 20.4% | 18.8% | 30.5% |
| Married couple, no children | 68.3% | 37.9% | 42.9% |
| Non Family Households | 743 | 3,093 | 43,255,233 |
| Single householder, w/children | 3.7% | 30.7% | 15.8% |
| Single householder, no children | 7.6% | 12.7% | 10.8% |