| | Dumas, TX | Caldwell, TX | United States |
| Population | 14,565 | 4,013 | 329,725,481 |
| Female Population | 47.7% | 47.1% | 50.5% |
| Male Population | 52.3% | 53.0% | 49.5% |
| Median Age | 28.9 | 36.8 | 38.4 |
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| Population - 2010 | 14,756 | 4,115 | 309,327,143 |
| Population - 2000 | 13,747 | 3,449 | 285,036,114 |
| Population - 1990 | 12,871 | 3,181 | 251,960,433 |
| Pop. 2000 to Now | -1.0% | 30.3% | 15.6% |
| Pop. 1990 to Now | 5.8% | 41.3% | 30.8% |
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| Population Density | 2,636.7 | 1,029.5 | 93.4 |
| Land Area | 5.5 | 3.9 | 3,531,905.4 |
| Water Area | 0.0 | 0.0 | 264,836.8 |
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| Est. Total Population By Age | | | |
| | Dumas, TX | Caldwell, TX | United States |
| Age 0 to 4 | 9.1% | 6.2% | 5.9% |
| Age 5 to 9 | 11.4% | 8.4% | 6.1% |
| Age 10 to 14 | 8.7% | 8.7% | 6.6% |
| Age 15 to 17 | 4.9% | 3.9% | 3.9% |
| Age 18 to 20 | 3.3% | 4.3% | 4.0% |
| Age 21 to 24 | 6.8% | 4.1% | 5.2% |
| Age 25 to 34 | 13.6% | 12.3% | 13.8% |
| Age 35 to 44 | 12.4% | 12.5% | 12.9% |
| Age 45 to 54 | 8.7% | 14.4% | 12.6% |
| Age 55 to 59 | 5.2% | 6.6% | 6.7% |
| Age 60 to 64 | 5.0% | 4.5% | 6.3% |
| Age 65 to 74 | 6.1% | 7.0% | 9.6% |
| Age 75 to 84 | 2.9% | 5.4% | 4.5% |
| Age 85 and over | 2.1% | 1.7% | 1.9% |
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| Race | | | |
| | Dumas, TX | Caldwell, TX | United States |
| White | 30.9% | 52.6% | 59.4% |
| Black | 3.2% | 14.6% | 12.2% |
| Asian | 3.3% | 0.0% | 5.6% |
| Native American | 0.3% | 0.6% | 0.6% |
| Hawaiian, Pacific Islander | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.2% |
| Other | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.4% |
| Two or More Races | 3.2% | 3.3% | 3.2% |
| Hispanic | 58.9% | 28.8% | 18.4% |
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| Marriage & Family | | | |
| | Dumas, TX | Caldwell, TX | United States |
| Married Population | 52.7% | 51.9% | 49.8% |
| Currently Married | 51.6% | 48.5% | 48.0% |
| Married but Separated | 1.0% | 3.4% | 1.8% |
| Single Population | 47.3% | 48.1% | 50.2% |
| Never Married | 32.7% | 29.5% | 33.8% |
| Divorced | 8.1% | 11.7% | 10.8% |
| Widowed | 6.6% | 7.0% | 5.6% |
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| Household Size | 3.23 | 2.45 | 2.60 |
| Households | 4,466 | 1,582 | 124,010,992 |
| Family Households | 3,326 | 874 | 80,755,759 |
| Married couple, w/children | 42.2% | 43.0% | 30.5% |
| Married couple, no children | 34.6% | 36.3% | 42.9% |
| Non Family Households | 1,140 | 708 | 43,255,233 |
| Single householder, w/children | 17.3% | 8.9% | 15.8% |
| Single householder, no children | 5.9% | 11.8% | 10.8% |