| | Palo Alto, CA | Birmingham, AL | United States |
| Population | 68,624 | 202,234 | 329,725,481 |
| Female Population | 51.6% | 52.8% | 50.5% |
| Male Population | 48.4% | 47.2% | 49.5% |
| Median Age | 41.8 | 36.2 | 38.4 |
| space3 | | | |
| Population - 2010 | 64,506 | 211,763 | 309,327,143 |
| Population - 2000 | 58,598 | 242,820 | 285,036,114 |
| Population - 1990 | 55,900 | 265,968 | 251,960,433 |
| Pop. 2000 to Now | 14.4% | -14.8% | 15.6% |
| Pop. 1990 to Now | 19.9% | -22.2% | 30.8% |
| space4 | | | |
| Population Density | 2,875.2 | 1,384.5 | 93.4 |
| Land Area | 23.9 | 146.1 | 3,531,905.4 |
| Water Area | 1.9 | 2.5 | 264,836.8 |
| space | | | |
| Est. Total Population By Age | | | |
| | Palo Alto, CA | Birmingham, AL | United States |
| Age 0 to 4 | 4.7% | 5.5% | 5.9% |
| Age 5 to 9 | 5.6% | 5.4% | 6.1% |
| Age 10 to 14 | 7.6% | 5.6% | 6.6% |
| Age 15 to 17 | 5.0% | 2.9% | 3.9% |
| Age 18 to 20 | 2.8% | 4.7% | 4.0% |
| Age 21 to 24 | 3.7% | 6.3% | 5.2% |
| Age 25 to 34 | 12.2% | 18.0% | 13.8% |
| Age 35 to 44 | 12.1% | 11.8% | 12.9% |
| Age 45 to 54 | 14.7% | 10.8% | 12.6% |
| Age 55 to 59 | 7.4% | 5.8% | 6.7% |
| Age 60 to 64 | 5.6% | 7.5% | 6.3% |
| Age 65 to 74 | 8.3% | 9.8% | 9.6% |
| Age 75 to 84 | 6.0% | 4.1% | 4.5% |
| Age 85 and over | 4.2% | 1.8% | 1.9% |
| space1 | | | |
| Race | | | |
| | Palo Alto, CA | Birmingham, AL | United States |
| White | 50.0% | 23.2% | 59.4% |
| Black | 2.1% | 68.6% | 12.2% |
| Asian | 35.0% | 1.4% | 5.6% |
| Native American | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.6% |
| Hawaiian, Pacific Islander | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.2% |
| Other | 0.4% | 0.5% | 0.4% |
| Two or More Races | 5.4% | 1.9% | 3.2% |
| Hispanic | 7.0% | 4.4% | 18.4% |
| space2 | | | |
| Marriage & Family | | | |
| | Palo Alto, CA | Birmingham, AL | United States |
| Married Population | 58.5% | 31.1% | 49.8% |
| Currently Married | 57.8% | 27.4% | 48.0% |
| Married but Separated | 0.7% | 3.7% | 1.8% |
| Single Population | 41.5% | 68.9% | 50.2% |
| Never Married | 29.6% | 47.3% | 33.8% |
| Divorced | 7.1% | 14.6% | 10.8% |
| Widowed | 4.8% | 7.1% | 5.6% |
| space5 | | | |
| Household Size | 2.62 | 2.26 | 2.60 |
| Households | 26,007 | 85,521 | 124,010,992 |
| Family Households | 17,570 | 41,748 | 80,755,759 |
| Married couple, w/children | 43.2% | 14.8% | 30.5% |
| Married couple, no children | 43.7% | 33.5% | 42.9% |
| Non Family Households | 8,437 | 43,773 | 43,255,233 |
| Single householder, w/children | 6.7% | 27.5% | 15.8% |
| Single householder, no children | 6.5% | 24.3% | 10.8% |