| | Peterborough, NH | Boston, MA | United States |
| Population | 6,400 | 672,814 | 329,725,481 |
| Female Population | 49.7% | 52.0% | 50.5% |
| Male Population | 50.3% | 48.0% | 49.5% |
| Median Age | 51.8 | 32.6 | 38.4 |
| space3 | | | |
| Population - 2010 | 6,274 | 621,053 | 309,327,143 |
| Population - 2000 | 5,883 | 589,141 | 285,036,114 |
| Population - 1990 | 5,239 | 574,283 | 251,960,433 |
| Pop. 2000 to Now | 14.6% | 17.4% | 15.6% |
| Pop. 1990 to Now | 28.7% | 20.4% | 30.8% |
| space4 | | | |
| Population Density | 169.7 | 13,919.5 | 93.4 |
| Land Area | 37.7 | 48.3 | 3,531,905.4 |
| Water Area | 0.4 | 41.3 | 264,836.8 |
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| Est. Total Population By Age | | | |
| | Peterborough, NH | Boston, MA | United States |
| Age 0 to 4 | 2.0% | 4.8% | 5.9% |
| Age 5 to 9 | 2.0% | 4.1% | 6.1% |
| Age 10 to 14 | 6.7% | 4.4% | 6.6% |
| Age 15 to 17 | 6.4% | 2.5% | 3.9% |
| Age 18 to 20 | 0.8% | 7.0% | 4.0% |
| Age 21 to 24 | 2.3% | 7.9% | 5.2% |
| Age 25 to 34 | 8.9% | 23.9% | 13.8% |
| Age 35 to 44 | 11.4% | 12.8% | 12.9% |
| Age 45 to 54 | 15.7% | 10.6% | 12.6% |
| Age 55 to 59 | 6.1% | 5.4% | 6.7% |
| Age 60 to 64 | 10.9% | 4.9% | 6.3% |
| Age 65 to 74 | 13.8% | 7.0% | 9.6% |
| Age 75 to 84 | 7.3% | 3.2% | 4.5% |
| Age 85 and over | 5.8% | 1.6% | 1.9% |
| space1 | | | |
| Race | | | |
| | Peterborough, NH | Boston, MA | United States |
| White | 94.9% | 44.0% | 59.4% |
| Black | 0.2% | 21.7% | 12.2% |
| Asian | 0.4% | 9.6% | 5.6% |
| Native American | 0.0% | 0.2% | 0.6% |
| Hawaiian, Pacific Islander | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.2% |
| Other | 0.0% | 0.8% | 0.4% |
| Two or More Races | 1.0% | 3.9% | 3.2% |
| Hispanic | 3.5% | 19.8% | 18.4% |
| space2 | | | |
| Marriage & Family | | | |
| | Peterborough, NH | Boston, MA | United States |
| Married Population | 60.2% | 33.4% | 49.8% |
| Currently Married | 59.7% | 30.9% | 48.0% |
| Married but Separated | 0.5% | 2.5% | 1.8% |
| Single Population | 39.8% | 66.6% | 50.2% |
| Never Married | 20.6% | 55.7% | 33.8% |
| Divorced | 15.6% | 7.3% | 10.8% |
| Widowed | 3.6% | 3.6% | 5.6% |
| space5 | | | |
| Household Size | 2.20 | 2.30 | 2.60 |
| Households | 2,831 | 271,950 | 124,010,992 |
| Family Households | 1,806 | 128,147 | 80,755,759 |
| Married couple, w/children | 24.6% | 22.5% | 30.5% |
| Married couple, no children | 59.7% | 37.9% | 42.9% |
| Non Family Households | 1,025 | 143,803 | 43,255,233 |
| Single householder, w/children | 11.1% | 21.5% | 15.8% |
| Single householder, no children | 4.6% | 18.1% | 10.8% |